Lecture Monday October 1: Deep Face, Orbit, Nasal and Oral Cavities

A. Eye and Orbit
**See handout on clinical testing of eye muscles. This handout includes all of the information you will need on the muscles, movements and innervation (III, IV and VI)

B. Muscles of Mastication
- Temporalis (close mouth)
- Masseter (close mouth)
- Medial pterygoid (close mouth)
- Lateral pterygoid (opens mouth)
*All innervated by branches of V3

C. Major branches of V3 in the infratemporal fossa:
1. Deep temporal (motor to Temporalis)

2. Buccal (sensory to the inside of the cheek)

3. Auriculotemporal (sensory to the side of the head posterior to the ear, carries postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from otic ganglion to parotid)

4. Lingual (sensory to anterior 2/3 of the tongue, associated with chorda tympani branch of VII that carries taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue and parasympathetics to submandibular ganglion)

5. Inferior alveolar (sensory to mandibular teeth, ends as mental nerve)

D. Oropharynx
- palatoglossal arch anterior and continuous with uvula
- palatopharyngeal arch posterior
- palatine tonsil in between the two arches




E. Tongue
- Extrinsic muscles:
Genioglossus (primary muscle that protrudes the tongue)
Hyoglossus
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus
*All innervated by cranial nerve XII except palatoglossus (X)

F. Nasal Cavities and Sinuses
- Lateral wall structures: Superior, middle and inferior choncha.
- Lateral wall spaces: superior, middle and inferior meatus. Sphenoethmoidal recess.

Blood Supply via the sphenopalatine A. (continuation of maxillary A.) and branches of the facial artery.

Sensory Innervation via the Ophthalmic (V1) to the nasal vestibule and the Maxillary (V2) to the posterior nasal cavity and nasopharynx.

Paranasal Sinuses:
- Frontal (drains to middle meatus via the infundibulum in hiatus semilunaris)
- Ethmoidal (anterior/middle drain to middle meatus; posterior drains to superior meatus)
- Maxillary (drains to middle meatus via hiatus semilunaris)
- Sphenoid (drains to sphenoethmoidal recess)




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